Sunday, June 01, 2008
Iran arrests 11 behind deadly bus ambush
TEHRAN, June 1 (Reuters) - Iran's Intelligence Ministry said on Sunday it had arrested 11 members of a terrorist group with foreign links behind an ambush in which a cleric was killed and seven other people were wounded, a news agency said.The attack on a bus in a southwestern province took place in the Iranian month which ended on April 19, the semi-official Mehr News Agency said.
The killed cleric was from a town in the eastern province of Khorassan.The Intelligence Ministry's "agents succeeded in taking in 11 members of the terrorist, mercenary band linked to foreigners in a number of operations", it said, without giving further details.The Islamic Republic has in the past accused the United States and Britain of trying to destabilise Iran by supporting rebels, mainly those in sensitive border areas.
Last month, Iran made an official protest to the United States, via a Swiss intermediary, about what Tehran says is Washington's support for a group blamed for bombing an Iranian mosque.Iran has said the United States, Britain and Israel were involved in the explosion in a mosque in the southern city of Shiraz in April that killed 14 people and wounded 200.Iran and the United States have not had diplomatic ties since 1980.
They are now embroiled in disputes over Iran's nuclear plans, which Washington says are aimed at building bombs, and what U.S. officials say is Iranian meddling in Iraq. Tehran denies both charges. (Reporting by Hashem Kalantari; Writing by Fredrik Dahl; Editing by Giles Elgood)
Thursday, March 20, 2008
Iranian security kidnapped two brothers of man who executed in Ahwaz
Iranian minorities’ human right organisation (IMHRO)
Ref.IMHRO.02
2008-02-04
Two brothers of Zamel Bavi who executed at 5 pm in Ahwaz had kidnapped by Iranian security.
Mohsen age 35 and Emad (Sohrab) age 29 both kidnapped just hours after their brothers Zamel had executed in Ahwaz Prison.
Zamel Bavi who was 29 with one child and shopkeeper after spending 2 years and half in solitary confinement executed at 5 PM in Ahwaz prison.
His sister told IMHRO that main charge against his brother was that he had a traditional Arabic wedding and wearing Arabic dresses. “He was not involved in any activities”
Zamel Bavi faced second interrogation by Iranian security after they found his first confession was not enough to executing him.
Interrogation in Iran by security forces usually means subjection to torture.
Four days after his execution finally Iranian government allowed his family to burry him. All the funeral process was attended by security forces. Also they asked his family to not have any gathering as usually gathering after death is a big event in Ahwaz.
There is a fear that Iranian government wants to harm this two young brothers.
Background
Oil and gas rich area of Ahwaz is home land of 5 million Arabs. In recent year’s suppression of Iranian government increased. Since uprising of Ahwazi people in 2005 many had arrested and at least 20 people are known to have executed since then. Various human right organisations estimated that number of killed are much higher.
Land confiscation by government is the other source of tension. Government forced many Arab farmers to leave their land without and compensations. Those land then used for new towns and industrial area employed by non indigenous Arabs.
Although About %85 of Iranian revenue comes from this area, Iranian government and parliament refused to spent %1 of it in area.
Unemployment is high and above national average. Ahwaz human right organisation reported thousand of Ahwazi Arabs arrested in recent years. Last month four Ahwazi Arabs had hanged.
Prisoners often do not access to lawyer and trial happened in secret. Detainee kept in solitary confinement till his trial date and goes under different type of torture. Confession under torture is valid in Iran.
Take action
Write to the following organisations and express your concern about Ahwazi prisoners and call on Iranian authority to release Ahwazi prisoners of concise including two brothers of Mohsen and Emad (Sohrab) Bavi and stopping execution of Arab Ahwazi. Ask the world to hold Iranian government to account for their brutality.
High Commissioner for Human Rights
Mrs. Louise Arbour
High Commissioner for Human Rights
Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights Palais des Nations CH-1211 Geneva 10, Switzerland
Supreme leader of Iran
Sayyed Ali Khamenei
E-mail via web site
http://www.leader.ir/
Iranian president
Mahmud Ahmadinejad
E-mail via web site
http://www.president.ir/en/
Chairwomen of Human Rights Committee in European Parliament
Mrs Hélène FLAUTRE
Chairwomen of human rights committee in European parliament
Bureau d'Hélène Flautre au Parlement européen8G130, rue WierzB-1049, Bruxelles, Belgique
Head of the Judiciary
Ayatollah Mahmud Hashemi Shahroudi
Howzeh Riyasat-e Qoveh Qazaiyeh / Office of the Head of the Judiciary
Pasteur St., Vali Asr Ave., south of Serah-e Jomhouri, Tehran 1316814737, Islamic Republic of Iran
Ref.IMHRO.02
2008-02-04
Two brothers of Zamel Bavi who executed at 5 pm in Ahwaz had kidnapped by Iranian security.
Mohsen age 35 and Emad (Sohrab) age 29 both kidnapped just hours after their brothers Zamel had executed in Ahwaz Prison.
Zamel Bavi who was 29 with one child and shopkeeper after spending 2 years and half in solitary confinement executed at 5 PM in Ahwaz prison.
His sister told IMHRO that main charge against his brother was that he had a traditional Arabic wedding and wearing Arabic dresses. “He was not involved in any activities”
Zamel Bavi faced second interrogation by Iranian security after they found his first confession was not enough to executing him.
Interrogation in Iran by security forces usually means subjection to torture.
Four days after his execution finally Iranian government allowed his family to burry him. All the funeral process was attended by security forces. Also they asked his family to not have any gathering as usually gathering after death is a big event in Ahwaz.
There is a fear that Iranian government wants to harm this two young brothers.
Background
Oil and gas rich area of Ahwaz is home land of 5 million Arabs. In recent year’s suppression of Iranian government increased. Since uprising of Ahwazi people in 2005 many had arrested and at least 20 people are known to have executed since then. Various human right organisations estimated that number of killed are much higher.
Land confiscation by government is the other source of tension. Government forced many Arab farmers to leave their land without and compensations. Those land then used for new towns and industrial area employed by non indigenous Arabs.
Although About %85 of Iranian revenue comes from this area, Iranian government and parliament refused to spent %1 of it in area.
Unemployment is high and above national average. Ahwaz human right organisation reported thousand of Ahwazi Arabs arrested in recent years. Last month four Ahwazi Arabs had hanged.
Prisoners often do not access to lawyer and trial happened in secret. Detainee kept in solitary confinement till his trial date and goes under different type of torture. Confession under torture is valid in Iran.
Take action
Write to the following organisations and express your concern about Ahwazi prisoners and call on Iranian authority to release Ahwazi prisoners of concise including two brothers of Mohsen and Emad (Sohrab) Bavi and stopping execution of Arab Ahwazi. Ask the world to hold Iranian government to account for their brutality.
High Commissioner for Human Rights
Mrs. Louise Arbour
High Commissioner for Human Rights
Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights Palais des Nations CH-1211 Geneva 10, Switzerland
Supreme leader of Iran
Sayyed Ali Khamenei
E-mail via web site
http://www.leader.ir/
Iranian president
Mahmud Ahmadinejad
E-mail via web site
http://www.president.ir/en/
Chairwomen of Human Rights Committee in European Parliament
Mrs Hélène FLAUTRE
Chairwomen of human rights committee in European parliament
Bureau d'Hélène Flautre au Parlement européen8G130, rue WierzB-1049, Bruxelles, Belgique
Head of the Judiciary
Ayatollah Mahmud Hashemi Shahroudi
Howzeh Riyasat-e Qoveh Qazaiyeh / Office of the Head of the Judiciary
Pasteur St., Vali Asr Ave., south of Serah-e Jomhouri, Tehran 1316814737, Islamic Republic of Iran
Saturday, February 09, 2008
Rights group: Syrian authorities detained Iranian Arab
DAMASCUS, Syria: Syrian authorities have arrested an Iranian Arab suspected of having links with an Iranian opposition group and there are concerns he might be handed over to Iran, a local human rights group said Wednesday.
The National Organization for Human Rights in Syria said that Mohammad Nohairi Bani-Skini, 36, was detained Jan. 22 from the Syrian Department of Passports and Migration in Damascus, where he had gone to stamp his passport before leaving to Sweden as a refugee.
NOHR said Bani-Skini — a registered refugee with the United Nations Higher Commissioner for Refugees — was first held at the department's prison before being taken to an unknown destination. He was accepted as a refugee by Sweden where he had planned to travel on Feb. 4, it added.
The group said his detention violates "all international conventions ... particularly as Bani-Skini enjoys the protection of the UNHCR." It urged Syrian authorities to release him immediately and expressed concerns that he might be handed over to the Iranian government on suspicion of having links with an opposition group in the southern Iranian province of Ahwaz. It did not name the group.
The NOHR report could not be independently confirmed. Syrian officials do not usually comment on arrests or other security matters. Syria and Iran are close allies.
Further Information
PUBLIC AI Index: MDE 13/036/2008
07 February 2008
Further Information on UA 301/06 (MDE 13/126/2006, 13 November 2006) and follow-up (MDE 13/123/2006, 7 December 2006; MDE 13/142/2006, 22 December 2006; MDE 13/006/2
07, 25 January 2007
and MDE 13/042/2007, 03 April 2007) - Fear of imminent execution
IRAN
Abdulreza Sanawati Zergani (m)
Abdul Husain Haribi (m)
Ahmad Maramazi (m), previously named as Husain Maramazi
Husain Asakreh (m)
The four men named above were reportedly executed in a prison in Khuzestan. Abdulreza Sanawati Zergani was executed at dawn on 13 November 2007 and the three other men, Abdul Husain Haribi, Ahmad Maramazi and Husain Asakreh were executed on 30 December 2007. They had all been sentenced to death in connection with involvement in bomb explosions which took place in major cities in Khuzestan Province in 2005.
Abdulreza Sanawati Zergani was amongst seven men named on 10 January 2007 by three leading UN human rights experts - Philip Alston, UN Special Rapporteur on extrajudicial, summary or arbitrary executions; Leandro Despouy, UN Special Rapporteur on the independence of judges and lawyers, and Manfred Nowak, UN Special Rapporteur on torture who jointly called on the government of Iran to “stop the imminent execution of seven men belonging to the Ahwazi Arab minority and grant them a fair and public hearing.” The UN experts stated: “We are fully aware that these men are accused of serious crimes… However, this cannot justify their conviction and execution after trials that made a mockery of due process requirements.” All the seven named men have now been executed.
Abdulreza Sanawati Zergani was initially thought to have been executed on 14 February 2007 along with two other men. However, further reports later suggested that his execution had been temporarily postponed and that a teacher, Risan Sawari was executed instead of him (see update to UA 57/06, MDE 13/041/2007, 2 April 2007).
Abdul Husain Haribi, Ahmad Maramazi and Husain Asakreh were sentenced to death on 16 November 2006 following a one-day closed trial at a Revolutionary Court in Shadegan in Khuzestan province. They were accused of bombing oil pipelines in Khuzestan.
Many thanks to all who sent appeals. No further action is requested.
07 February 2008
Further Information on UA 301/06 (MDE 13/126/2006, 13 November 2006) and follow-up (MDE 13/123/2006, 7 December 2006; MDE 13/142/2006, 22 December 2006; MDE 13/006/2
07, 25 January 2007
and MDE 13/042/2007, 03 April 2007) - Fear of imminent execution
IRAN
Abdulreza Sanawati Zergani (m)
Abdul Husain Haribi (m)
Ahmad Maramazi (m), previously named as Husain Maramazi
Husain Asakreh (m)
The four men named above were reportedly executed in a prison in Khuzestan. Abdulreza Sanawati Zergani was executed at dawn on 13 November 2007 and the three other men, Abdul Husain Haribi, Ahmad Maramazi and Husain Asakreh were executed on 30 December 2007. They had all been sentenced to death in connection with involvement in bomb explosions which took place in major cities in Khuzestan Province in 2005.
Abdulreza Sanawati Zergani was amongst seven men named on 10 January 2007 by three leading UN human rights experts - Philip Alston, UN Special Rapporteur on extrajudicial, summary or arbitrary executions; Leandro Despouy, UN Special Rapporteur on the independence of judges and lawyers, and Manfred Nowak, UN Special Rapporteur on torture who jointly called on the government of Iran to “stop the imminent execution of seven men belonging to the Ahwazi Arab minority and grant them a fair and public hearing.” The UN experts stated: “We are fully aware that these men are accused of serious crimes… However, this cannot justify their conviction and execution after trials that made a mockery of due process requirements.” All the seven named men have now been executed.
Abdulreza Sanawati Zergani was initially thought to have been executed on 14 February 2007 along with two other men. However, further reports later suggested that his execution had been temporarily postponed and that a teacher, Risan Sawari was executed instead of him (see update to UA 57/06, MDE 13/041/2007, 2 April 2007).
Abdul Husain Haribi, Ahmad Maramazi and Husain Asakreh were sentenced to death on 16 November 2006 following a one-day closed trial at a Revolutionary Court in Shadegan in Khuzestan province. They were accused of bombing oil pipelines in Khuzestan.
Many thanks to all who sent appeals. No further action is requested.
Further Information
PUBLIC AI Index: MDE 13/034/2008
6 February 2008
Further Information on UA 233/05 (MDE 13/051/2005, 9 September 2005) and follow-up (MDE 13/065/2005, 2 November 2005; MDE 13/033/2006, 31 March 2006; MDE 13/072/2006, 23 June 2006) - Fear of Torture and ill-treatment/ Incommunicado detention/ Death sentence and new concern: Imminent execution
IRAN Mohsen Bawi (m), aged 34 ]
Imad Bawi (m), law student, aged 32 ] brothers
Hani Bawi (m), student, aged 23 ]
Moslem Bawi (m), student, aged 20 ]
Asad Bawi (m), their cousin, aged 35 ]
Mansour Tayouri (m) ] members of the extended Bawi family
Hassan Boughedar (or Bou Azar or Bozar) (m)]
Lefteh Sarkhi (m), student
Executed: Zamel Bawi (m), aged 30
Zamel Bawi, a member of the Iranian Arab minority, was executed on 29 January at 4am in Karoun Prison, Khuzestan province. On 28 January, the eve of his execution, Zamel Bawi was allowed a family visit. Neither Zamel nor his family nor his lawyer were informed of the imminence of the execution, although Iranian law states that the authorities should inform a detainee's lawyer at least 48 hours before a death sentence is due to be carried out.
Zamel Bawi, a businessman and shop owner, was arrested by security forces on 11 August 2005 along with four of his brothers and a cousin. At the end of October 2005, Zamel Bawi had been sentenced to death. On 10 June 2006 Branch 3 of the Revolutionary Court in Ahvaz city, Khuzestan province, confirmed the death sentences against Zamel Bawi and nine other men including Jaafar Sawari, Risan Sawari and Abdulredha Nawaseri who were executed in 2007 (see UA 57/06 MDE 13/023/2006, 10 March 2006 and follow-ups). The 10 men were accused of being “mohareb” (at enmity with God) which can carry the death penalty. Other charges included "destabilizing the country", "attempting to overthrow the government", "possession of home-made bombs", "sabotage of oil installations" and carrying out bombings in Ahvaz, which took place between June and October 2005. Zamel Bawi was further convicted of hiding seven home-made bombs.
The remaining men are serving prison sentences varying between 10 and 25 years in exile within the country. Amnesty International believes that Mohsen Bawi is detained in Konarak Prison, outside the town of Chabahar, in Sistan-Baluchistan province and Imad Bawi is detained in Tabas Prison, in Khorasan province. The two brothers were said to have been taken into solitary confinement following the news of the execution of their brother.
BACKGROUND INFORMATION
Much of Iran's Arab community lives in the province of Khuzestan, which borders Iraq. It is strategically important because it is the site of much of Iran’s oil reserves, but the Arab population does not feel it has benefited as much from the oil revenue as the Persian population. Historically, the Arab community has been marginalised and discriminated against. There were mass demonstrations in April 2005, after it was alleged that the government planned to disperse the country's Arab population or to force them to relinquish their Arab identity. Following bomb explosions in Ahvaz City in June and October 2005, which killed at least 14 people, and explosions at oil installations in September and October 2005, the cycle of violence intensified, with hundreds of people reportedly arrested. There have been reports of torture. Further bombings on 24 January 2006, in which at least six people were killed, were followed by further mass arrests. At least 17 men have now been executed as a result of their alleged involvement in the bombings. It is not clear if another man was executed or died in custody.
RECOMMENDED ACTION: Please send appeals to arrive as quickly as possible, in English, French Farsi, Arabic, or your own language:
- stating that Amnesty International recognizes the rights and responsibilities of governments to bring to justice those suspected of criminal offences, but strongly opposes the death penalty as the ultimate cruel, inhuman and degrading punishment and violation of the right to life;
- deploring the execution of Zamel Bawi;
- seeking clarification as to why Zamel Bawi’s lawyer was not informed at least 48 hours before his execution, as he should have been according to Iranian law;
- seeking full details of the trials of Zamel Bawi, his brothers Mohsen, Imad, Hani and Moslem; their cousin Asad Bawi, relatives Mansour Tayouri and Hassan Boughedar; and Lefteh Sarkhi, including details of the charges and evidence against them and any appeals they may have made;
- expressing concern at reports that these prisoners were not granted access to a lawyer during some or all sessions of their trial, and as such, their trial did not meet international standards for fair trial, as laid down by Article 14 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights to which Iran is a State Party.
- seeking assurances that those who remain in prison are not being tortured or ill-treated in detention.
APPEALS TO:
Leader of the Islamic Republic
His Excellency Ayatollah Sayed ‘Ali Khamenei
The Office of the Supreme Leader, Islamic Republic Street - Shahid Keshvar Doust Street
Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
Email: info@leader.ir
Salutation: Your Excellency
Head of the Judiciary
Ayatollah Mahmoud Hashemi Shahroudi
Howzeh Riyasat-e Qoveh Qazaiyeh / Office of the Head of the Judiciary
Pasteur St., Vali Asr Ave., south of Serah-e Jomhouri, Tehran 1316814737, Islamic Republic of Iran
Email: info@dadgostary-tehran.ir (In the subject line write: FAO Ayatollah Shahroudi)
Salutation: Your Excellency
Minister of Intelligence
Gholam Hossein Mohseni Ejeie
Ministry of Intelligence, Second Negarestan Street, Pasdaran Avenue, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
Salutation: Your Excellency
COPIES TO:
President
His Excellency Mahmoud Ahmadinejad
The Presidency, Palestine Avenue, Azerbaijan Intersection, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
Email: dr-ahmadinejad@president.ir
via website: www.president.ir/email
Speaker of Parliament
His Excellency Gholamali Haddad Adel
Majles-e Shoura-ye Eslami, Baharestan Square, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
Fax: +98 21 3355 6408
Email: hadadadel@majlis.ir (Please ask that your message be brought to the attention of the Article 90 Commission)
and to diplomatic representatives of Iran accredited to your country.
PLEASE SEND APPEALS IMMEDIATELY. Check with the International Secretariat, or your section office, if sending appeals after 19 March 2008.
Thursday, January 31, 2008
گزارش سالیانه دیده بان حقوق بشر
ایران رویدادهای 2007
احترام به حقوق اولیه انسانی در ایران بخصوص آزادی بیان و تجمع در سال 2007 به وخامت خود ادامه داد. دولت محمود احمدی نژاد افراد را صرفا به دلیل استفاده مسالمت آمیز از حقوق خود مبنی بر آزادی بیان و تشکل همواره بازداشت می کند و افراد بازداشت شده را اغلب مورد شکنجه و بدرفتاری قرار می دهد. قوه قضائیه که تنها به رهبر ایران، علی خامنه ای، پاسخگوست مسئول بسیاری از موارد جدی نقض حقوق بشر است. حکومت ایران بطور فزاینده ای از "امنیت ملی" بعنوان بهانه ای برای خاموش کردن بیان دگراندیشی و تقاضا برای اصلاحات استفاده می کند.
آزادی بیان
مقام های ایران با زندانی کردن روزنامه نگاران و دبیران نشریات و نیز کنترل شدید نشر و آزادی آکادمیک بطور سیستماتیک آزادی بیان و اندیشه را سرکوب می کنند. معدود روزنامه های مستقل که باقی مانده اند، بطور شدیدی خودسانسوری می کنند. حکومت استادان دگراندیش دانشگاه را اخراج و یا مجبور به بازنشستگی های زودهنگام کرده است. بسیاری از نویسندگان و روشنفکرانی که زندانی نشده اند، یا کشور را ترک کرده و یا از منتقد بودن صرفنظر کرده اند. وزارت فرهنگ و ارشاد اسلامی بطور فزاینده ای از صدور جواز به ناشران حتی برای تجدید چاپ کتابهایی که قبلا منتشر شده اند، خودداری می کند. در سال 2007 مسئولین دانشجویان و روزنامه نگاران اینترنتی را به منظور جلوگیری از نشر مستقل اخبار و اطلاعات هدف قرار دادند. حکومت وبسایتهایی که در داخل و یا خارج از ایران حاوی اخبار و تحلیل های سیاسی هستند را بطور سیستماتیک مسدود و یا فیلتر می کند.
آزادی تجمع
دولت احمدی نژاد هیچ تساهلی در مقابل اعتراضات و تجمعات مسالمت آمیز از خود نشان نمی دهد. در مارس 2007 نیروهای امنیتی
بیش از 30 زن را که در بیرون از دادگاهی در تهران در اعتراض به پیگرد قانونی سه تن از فعالان سرشناس حقوق زنان بطور مسالمت آمیز تظاهرات می کردند، دستگیر کردند. در همان ماه، نیروهای امنیتی صدها معلم که برای بهبود وضع حقوق و مزایای خود بطور مسالمت آمیز در بیرون از مجلس در تهران و نیز در سایر شهرها دست به اعتراض زده بودند را دستگیر کردند. حکومت پس از آزادی این معلمین، برخی را تحت پیگرد قرار داد. این پیگردها عمدتا به احکام تعلیقی انجامید. برخی از معترضین از تدریس محروم و یا به شهرهای دیگر منتقل شدند. در ماه ژوئیه نیروهای امنیتی شش دانشجوی دانشگاه امیرکبیر را دستگیر کرد. این دانشجویان بمناسبت سالگرد اعتراضات دانشجویی سال 1999 که حکومت با خشونت سرکوب کرد، در حال تحصن مسالمت آمیز بودند. حکومت این شش تن را با قرار وثیقه آزاد کرد و پرونده های آنها در هنگام نگارش این گزارش همچنان باز است.
شکنجه و بدرفتاری در بازداشتگاه ها
تحت دولت احمدی نژاد رفتار با بازداشت شدگان در زندان اوین تهران و نیز سایر بازداشتگاه هایی که بطور مخفیانه توسط قوه قضائیه، وزارت اطلاعات و سپاه پاسداران انقلاب اسلامی اداره می شود، وخیم تر شده است. مسئولین افرادی را که به دلیل بیان مساملت آمیز دیدگاه هایشان زندانی شده اند مورد شکنجه و بدرفتاری هایی نظیر ضرب و شتم، محرومیت از خواب و حبس های انفرادی طویل المدت قرار می دهند. قضات اغلب اعترافاتی را که با زور گرفته شده است، می پذیرند. در ژوئیه 2007 دانشجویان زندانی سابق و نیز خانواده های سه دانشجوی روزنامه نگار زندانی (مجید توکلی، احمد قصابان و احسان منصوری) مامورین وزارت اطلاعات را علنا متهم کردند که این سه دانشجو و پنج تن دیگر را که حکومت در ارتباط با نشریات دانشجویی بازداشت کرده بود، بطور فیزیکی و روانی مورد شکنجه قرار دادند. مسئولین اظهارات بدست آمده از بازداشت شدگانی که از داشتن وکیل محروم بودند را از رسانه های پخش کرد. در ماه ژوئیه، حکومت "اعترافات" هاله اسفندیاری و کیان تاجبخش، دو پژوهشگر ایرانی- آمریکایی را که از ماه مه به اتهام مبهم "به خطر انداختن امنیت ملی" بازداشت کرده بود، پخش کرد. حکومت اسفندیاری و تاجبخش را به ترتیب در اواخر اوت و در سپتامبر با قرار وثیقه آزاد کرد.
معافیت از مجازات
هیچ نوع سازوکاری برای نظارت و تحقیق در مورد نقض حقوق بشر توسط مامورین حکومت وجود ندارد. بسته شدن رسانه های
مستقل در ایران به ادامه فضای مصونیت از مجازات کمک کرده است. در سالهای اخیر شهادت های علنی افراد متعددی که در گذشته بازداشت شده بودند دلالت بر شرکت سعید مرتضوی دادستان عمومی تهران و دفتر او در برخی از بدترین موارد نقض حقوق بشر داشته است. با وجود شواهد مبسوط، مرتضوی برای نقشی که در بازداشت های غیرقانونی، شکنجه بازداشت شدگان و استفاده از زور برای دریافت اعترافات دروغین ایفا کرده، مسئول شناخته نشده است. پرونده زهرا کاظمی خبرنگار عکاس ایرانی- کانادایی که در ژوئن 2003 در حالیکه در بازداشت مامورین قوه قضائیه و امنیتی تحت رهبری مرتضوی بود درگذشت، همچنان حل نشده باقیست. مصطفی پور محمدی وزیر کنونی کشور در کشتار فرا-قضائی هزاران زندانی سیاسی در سال 1988 دخیل دانسته شده است.
مدافعین حقوق بشر
مسئولین در سال 2007 آزار و اذیت مدافعین مستقل حقوق بشر را به منظور ممانعت از انتشار و پیگیری موارد نقض حقوق بشر تشدید کرده اند. شعبه شش دادگاه انقلاب ایران در ژوئیه گذشته عماد باقی فعال حقوق بشر را همراه با همسر و دختر وی بدلیل تلاش های آنها برای مستند و علنی کردن موارد نقض حقوق بشر به احکام تعلیقی سه ساله محکوم کرد. این دادگاه در اکتبر گذشته باقی را پس از احضار در برابر بازپرس دستگیر کرد. در هنگام نگارش این گزارش وی همچنان در بازداشت بسر می برد. حکومت سازمان های غیردولتی را که مشوق حضور در جامعه مدنی هستند و آگاهی از نقض حقوق بشر را ارتقا می بخشند، بسته است. مسئولین در مارس گذشته به دفتر کنشگران داوطلب هجوم برده و آن را تعطیل کردند. آنها همچنین دفاتر موسسه راهی را که از سازمان غیردولتی ویژه ارائه کمک های حقوقی و اجتماعی به زنان قربانی خشونت است تعطیل کردند.
مجازات اعدام نوجوانان
ایران سردمدار مجازاتهای مرگ برای افرادی است که در هنگام ارتکاب جرم کمتر از 18 سال داشته اند. در حال حاضر حداقل 70
نوجوان مجرم در انتظار مجازات مرگ هستند. در هنگام نگارش این گزارش حکومت ایران دو نوجوان مجرم را در سال 2007 اعدام کرده است: سید محمد رضا موسوی شیرازی 20 ساله در 20 آوریل بدلیل قتلی که گفته می شود در سن 16 سالگی مرتکب شده بود، در زندان عادل آباد اعدام شد. سعید قنبرزهی 17ساله نیز در 27 ماه مه در زاهدان اعدام شد. آیت الله شاهرودی رئیس قوه قضائیه ایران در سال 2003 طی دستوری به قضات ایران صدور حکم اعدام برای نوجوانان مجرم را ممنوع کرد، اما دادگاهها همچنان به صدور چنین احکامی ادامه می دهند.
اقلیت ها اقلیت های قومی و دینی
ایران مشمول تبعیض و در برخی موارد آزار و اذیت هستند. در فوریه 2007 حکومت پس از بمب گذاری در اتوبوسی که حامل اعضای سپاه پاسداران انقلاب اسلامی در استان سیستان و بلوچستان بود، تعدادی از اعضای اقلیت بلوچ را دستگیر کرد. کمتر از یک هفته پس از این بمبگذاریها ، حکومت نصرالله شنبه زهی را پس از پخش "اعترافات" او در تلویزیون و محاکمه عجولانه ای که وی در آن به وکیل دسترسی نداشت، به دار آویخت. حسینعلی شهریاری عضو مجلس ایران طی مصاحبه ای در ماه مارس گفت که 700 نفر در سیستان و بلوچستان در انتظار اعدام هستند. مسئولین در ماه مه هفت نفر را که سعید قنبر زهی یکی از آنها بود، دار زدند.
حکومت مراقبت و نظارت بر قوم عرب استان خوزستان را بدنبال بمبگذاری سال 2005 در این استان افزایش داده است. دادگاه های انقلاب که روند سری آنها مطابق با معیارهای محاکمه عادلانه نیست در سال 2006 حداقل 16 ایرانی عرب تبار را به اتهام اقدامات مسلحانه علیه حکومت به مرگ محکوم کردند. در سال 2007 حداقل 7 عرب ایرانی در ارتباط با این بمبگذاری ها اعدام شدند. این اعدام ها پس از محاکمات سری که در آن متهمین از حقوق دادرسی مدنی محروم بودند، صورت گرفتند.
در استان های آذربایجان و کردستان حکومت فعالیت های فرهنگی و سیاسی متمرکز بر هویت و زبانهای محلی را محدود می کند. حکومت دبیران روزنامه های کردی را تحت این عنوان که پوشش خبری آنها از وقایع کردستان عراق در جهت ترویج جدایی طلبی در بین کردهای ایران است، مورد آزار و اذیت قرار داد. روزنامه های محلی استانهای آذربایجان شرقی و غربی که وقایع کشور همسایه یعنی آذربایجان را پوشش می دهند نیز مورد آزار و اذیت مسئولین قرار گرفتند.
حکومت کماکان به جامعه بهائیان ایران اجازه نمی دهد بطور علنی به عبادات و فعالیت های دینی خود بپردازند. در سال 2007 حکومت مانع از دسترسی دستکم 800 دانش آموز بهایی به آزمون ملی ورودی دانشگاه ها شد.
بازگرداندن اجباری به افغانستان
ایران در سال 2006 اعلام کرد بیش از یک میلیون افغانی که در این کشور باقی مانده اند دیگر مهاجر نیستند و همه آنها را تا مارس 2008 "بطور داوطلبانه بازمی گرداند." حکومت ایران بین آوریل و ژوئن 2007 در حدود 100 هزار افغانی ثبت نام شده و ثبت نام نشده را که در ایران زندگی و کار می کردند، به زور به افغانستان بازگرداند.
ویروس اچ آی وی/ایدز
ایران اعلام کرده است که نرخ آلودگی به ویروس اچ آی وی بدلیل تزریق مواد مخدر و روابط جنسی افزایش یافته است. کامران باقری
لنکرانی وزیر بهداشت در فوریه 2007 اظهار داشت دانشمندان ایران یک داروی جدید برای مقابله با اچ آی وی/ایدز تولید کرده اند که از هفت گیاه ایرانی بدست آمده است. مقام های وزارت بهداشت ایران ادعا کرده اند که دانشمندان ایران این دارو را به مدت بیش از پنج سال بر روی بیش از 200 نفر آزمایش کردند. اما فعالان حقوق بشر و ایدز در ایران ابراز نگرانی کرده اند که دانشمندان در این آزمایشات از افراد آلوده به ایدز بدون جلب رضایت آنها استفاده کرده اند. آنها همچنین گفته اند در این مطالعه یک گروه کنترل شرکت داشت که در آن به بیماران به جای داروهای موثر، داروهای کاملا بی اثر داده شد.
بازیگرانی کلیدی بین المللی
در سال 2007 برنامه اتمی ایران در راس مباحث و سیاست های بین المللی قرار داشت. گرچه دو بازیگر کلیدی بین المللی یعنی اتحادیه اروپا و سازمان ملل متحد، به بررسی وضعیت حقوق بشر در ایران پرداختند، اما برنامه اتمی ایران همچنان مشغله اصلی آنها باقی ماند: شورای امنیت سازمان ملل متحد تحریم های خود علیه ایران را در مارس 2007 تشدید کرد و نشست های اتحادیه اروپا درباره ایران نیز متمرکز بر مسئله اتمی بود. اتحادیه اروپا قول داده است که گسترش همکاریها با ایران را به احترام این کشور به حقوق بشر منوط کند، اما این تعهد تاکنون تاثیر کمی داشته است. در ماه ژوئن شورای حقوق بشر سازمان ملل متحد تصمیم گرفت بررسی وضعیت حقوق بشر در ایران را در چهارچوب روند نظارت محرمانه که به "1503" (1503 نام قطعنامه ای است که این روند نظارت را ایجاد کرده بود) معروف است، پایان دهد. در ژانویه گذشته کارشناسان شورای حقوق بشر سازمان ملل متحد که ویژه اعدام های فراقضایی هستند از ایران مصرانه خواستند از اعدام هفت تن از افراد عرب تبار که ذکر آن پیش تر رفت، خودداری کند. ایران به این درخواست بی اعتنایی کرد. در سپتامبر گذشته لوئیس آربور کمیسر عالی حقوق بشر سازمان ملل متحد از ایران دیدار کرد. در سال 2007 روابط ضعیف آمریکا و ایران بیش از پیش از وخیم شد. آمریکا و ایران یکدیگر را متهم به حمایت از گروه های مسلح در عراق و افغانستان کردند. آمریکا با وجود اعتراضات حکومت های عراق و ایران به بازداشت پنج دیپلمات ایرانی در شمال عراق ادامه می دهد. حکومت آمریکا اغلب از وضعیت حقوق بشر در ایران بعنوان یکی از موارد نگران کننده یاد می کند. از فوریه سال 2006 وزارت خارجه آمریکا 75 میلیون دلار برای "حمایت از فعالیتهای مربوط به ترویج دمکراسی در ایران" اختصاص داده است. اما بسیاری از دگراندیشان ایران، مدافعین حقوق بشر و فعالان جامعه مدنی در داخل کشور اعلام کرده اند که با این پروژه ارتباطی ندارند و تصریح کرده اند خواهان و پذیرای هیچ کمک مالی از حکومت آمریکا نیستند. حکومت ایران از این برنامه آمریکا برای توجیه سرکوب دگراندیشان بهره برداری می کند.
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Iran: Arab separatist hanged, three more on death row
Tehran, 31 Jan. (AKI) - Prominent Iranian Arab separatist Zamel Bavi was hanged on Thursday in Ahwaz prison in the predominantly ethnic Arab province of Khuzestan on the Persian Gulf.
Three other separatist militants, Saiid Saki, Ali Mazraa, and Andullah al-Mansouri await execution. Bavi, Saki, Mazraa and al-Mansouri were convicted of 'armed insurrection' as were four other Iranian Arabs executed on 30 December.
Sunday, January 20, 2008
Iran accuses Britain of spreading Sunni Wahabism in Ahwaz
By Reza Washahi
Iran accused Britain of spreading the Wahabism form of Sunni Islam among youth in the Arabic area of Ahwaz situated in south west of Iran.
Deputy education minister Gholam Hussein Haydari said that ” enemy after deleting options about military attack on Iran, now is focusing on a cultural theme and during the last few years through satellite channels and the Internet they are spreading Wahabism in the area”
He added, “Britain is behind such move”[1]
In fact every one who is following political developments in Ahwaz area knew that spreading Wahabism is nothing to do with Britain.
Wahabism was started by some members of the Al Wefgah Islamic Party in Ahwaz. They started to spread the ideology of Wahabism in the hope that Sunni Arabic countries in the area would have more sympathy with Ahwazi Arabs. Al Wefgah Islamic Party was later banned in Ahwaz and its members persecuted.
It’s true that in the long term such Wahabism movement would not be in the benefit of Ahwazi people and it would be a very great mistake, as Wahabism is far from tolerant and its opposition to modern life values is very well known.
The fact that people started to go away from Islam, even to the Wahabism form, showed that Ahwazi people are fed up with Iranian government’s official religion. Conversion from Islam to other religion accelerated after revolution in 1979, which mixed Islam and power and built theocracy threatening the region.
All these conversions are as a result of the Iranian government’s pressure on Ahwazi people. At the same time political awareness among Ahwazi Arabs is another reason for these conversions.
There is a very deep belief among many Islamic scholars that origin of Shia is mixture of Islam with Zoroastrianism, Gnosticism and Mithraism Mysteries. And Iranians invented it so that they can keep distance from Arabs. Even Many Iranian scholars pointed out that, Shia was reaction of Iranian against Arabs.[2]
If that is true, surely Ahwazi Arabs, could not accept their occupier religion which is against theirs race and identity and this could be one of main reason that Arabic countries not paying attention to the cause of Ahwazi people.
Changing Religion
The recent history of the struggle for independence similar to Ahwaz area showed that changing religion is very advantageous for those people. For example conversion of east Timor people to Christianity was very crucial in the progress of their independence.
What the modern world calls cultural pluralism, the Iranian government calls “the cultural war” it is in heart of autocracy to not have tolerance for other opinions and this is what Islamic government of Iran is all about.
Haydari suggestion that “singing national anthem and boosting Farsi language could solve the problem of Ahwaz”, clearly showing that Iranian government again wants to ignore the real root of the problem in Ahwaz area, and they want to blame foreign countries, which they do not have any thing to do with it.
The colonising type of Anti Arab policy run by Iranian Government during nearly last 100 years in Ahwaz is one of the examples of modern cultural genocides.
What the world should notice is that genocide is not only taking life of minorities and nations, it could have different aspects. When indigenous people cannot talk in their language it means they are no longer exist. Physical existence is not enough.
Arab Ahwazis cannot talk or educate in their mother tongue and all types of cultural practice including music, theatre, cinema, dance, literature and so on are forbidden in Arabic language.
[1] http://bultannews.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=4132&Itemid=1
[2] For example look to the books by Abdolhossein Zarrinkoob, Yar Shtaer, Javad Tabatabaei, Dariush Shayegan, and Daryoush Ashouri.
Iran accused Britain of spreading the Wahabism form of Sunni Islam among youth in the Arabic area of Ahwaz situated in south west of Iran.
Deputy education minister Gholam Hussein Haydari said that ” enemy after deleting options about military attack on Iran, now is focusing on a cultural theme and during the last few years through satellite channels and the Internet they are spreading Wahabism in the area”
He added, “Britain is behind such move”[1]
In fact every one who is following political developments in Ahwaz area knew that spreading Wahabism is nothing to do with Britain.
Wahabism was started by some members of the Al Wefgah Islamic Party in Ahwaz. They started to spread the ideology of Wahabism in the hope that Sunni Arabic countries in the area would have more sympathy with Ahwazi Arabs. Al Wefgah Islamic Party was later banned in Ahwaz and its members persecuted.
It’s true that in the long term such Wahabism movement would not be in the benefit of Ahwazi people and it would be a very great mistake, as Wahabism is far from tolerant and its opposition to modern life values is very well known.
The fact that people started to go away from Islam, even to the Wahabism form, showed that Ahwazi people are fed up with Iranian government’s official religion. Conversion from Islam to other religion accelerated after revolution in 1979, which mixed Islam and power and built theocracy threatening the region.
All these conversions are as a result of the Iranian government’s pressure on Ahwazi people. At the same time political awareness among Ahwazi Arabs is another reason for these conversions.
There is a very deep belief among many Islamic scholars that origin of Shia is mixture of Islam with Zoroastrianism, Gnosticism and Mithraism Mysteries. And Iranians invented it so that they can keep distance from Arabs. Even Many Iranian scholars pointed out that, Shia was reaction of Iranian against Arabs.[2]
If that is true, surely Ahwazi Arabs, could not accept their occupier religion which is against theirs race and identity and this could be one of main reason that Arabic countries not paying attention to the cause of Ahwazi people.
Changing Religion
The recent history of the struggle for independence similar to Ahwaz area showed that changing religion is very advantageous for those people. For example conversion of east Timor people to Christianity was very crucial in the progress of their independence.
What the modern world calls cultural pluralism, the Iranian government calls “the cultural war” it is in heart of autocracy to not have tolerance for other opinions and this is what Islamic government of Iran is all about.
Haydari suggestion that “singing national anthem and boosting Farsi language could solve the problem of Ahwaz”, clearly showing that Iranian government again wants to ignore the real root of the problem in Ahwaz area, and they want to blame foreign countries, which they do not have any thing to do with it.
The colonising type of Anti Arab policy run by Iranian Government during nearly last 100 years in Ahwaz is one of the examples of modern cultural genocides.
What the world should notice is that genocide is not only taking life of minorities and nations, it could have different aspects. When indigenous people cannot talk in their language it means they are no longer exist. Physical existence is not enough.
Arab Ahwazis cannot talk or educate in their mother tongue and all types of cultural practice including music, theatre, cinema, dance, literature and so on are forbidden in Arabic language.
[1] http://bultannews.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=4132&Itemid=1
[2] For example look to the books by Abdolhossein Zarrinkoob, Yar Shtaer, Javad Tabatabaei, Dariush Shayegan, and Daryoush Ashouri.
Saturday, January 19, 2008
Life in Ahwazi villages: poverty and poor health
By Reza Washahi
According to the Asreh Karoon paper reports last month, the Ahwaz area of Iran has about 6000 villages. Most of these villages have still got Arabic names with Arab inhabitants.
The Ahwazi village economy is based on agriculture, fishing and husbandry and all based on undeveloped, traditional methods, as the government have deliberately not invested in the Ahwaz area. Keeping people in poverty and darkness is one of the long-term policies of the Iranian government toward Ahwazi Arabs.
One of the main problems of the Ahwazi villages is the roads. According to one report published by the local paper Asreh Karoon in March 2007, up to 80% of the villages do not have the advantage of proper roads. Roads are very crucial for the development of the economy of these villages. Usually in the rainy season all the ways become muddy and cannot be used. People who live in villages and need to go to the city, to the hospital and for higher levels of education as there are no medical facilities and only basic primary schools where the use of the Farsi language is enforced; such people will face great difficulty.
In my phone talk with Mr. Abu Jawad from Alavanieh near Khafajieh, he told me that children in his village are suffering from unhealthy conditions. According to the Governor of the province many children are suffering from malnutrition. Many villages were destroyed as the result of the war between Iran and Iraq and the Iranian government has done nothing to restore them after twenty years.
Mine fields left after the Iran/Iraq war are another problem for the border villages. On average about 2 children are killed or lose a limb every month.
According to the Hamshahri daily paper report in December 2006 the Ahwazi rural area constitutes about 45% of the Arab population. Their income is less than $30 per house hold per month according to the World Bank’s statement on average incomes in that region.
Unhealthy water is the major reason for diarrhoea and other water-related diseases in the area. Although Ahwaz has got plenty of water with about 33% of all fresh water in Iran, people even in the major cities suffer from unhealthy water. The problem of water in rural area is even worse as they do not have access to basic medical help.
Last week ISNA reported that Bromi village with 350 inhabitants situated in Ahwaz, on the Mashour road way[i], are suffering from land confiscation by the Revolutionary Guard as well as repeated disconnections of the electricity supply. Environmental problems include the disposal of rubbish, no drains and the lack of healthy water. Yet it is the case that all around Bromi village the area is full of oil wells and pipes.
Bromi village is just typical of the type of situation that Ahwazi Arabs living in rural population are facing.
[i] http://khouzestan.isna.ir/mainnews.php?ID=News-18399
Saturday, January 12, 2008
وزارت امور خارجه آمريکا: اقليت اعراب اهواز تحت آزار و تبعيض مقامات جمهوری اسلامی هستند
گزارشهای رسیده حاکی است که نیروهای انتظامی جمهوری اسلامی ایران به مردمی که در مسجد حمزه اهواز اجتماع کرده بودند یورش برده اند، و بنا به گزارش ناظران حقوق بشر، دست کم پنجاه و احتمالاً تا سیصد نفر از جامعه عرب آن شهر را بازداشت کرده اند.
سازمان عفو بین الملل میگوید گزارشهایی دریافت کرده است دائر بر اینکه "بر اثر شلیک نیروهای انتظامی عده ای زخمی شده اند.
" فاخته زمانی، رئیس سازمان دفاع از زندانیان سیاسی آذربایجان میگوید اعضای جامعه عرب اهواز با وی تماس گرفته و از محل نگاهداری افراد بازداشت شده از او سؤال کرده اند. فاخته زمانی میگوید: "بازداشت شدگان به نقطه نامعلومی برده شده اند، و خانواده آنها نیز از آنها خبری ندارند. ترس ما از این است که در بازداشتگاه شکنجه شده یا مورد سوءرفتار قرار گرفته باشند. زخمیها نیز به بیمارستان منتقل نشده اند."
در همان حال که یورش به مسجد حمزه انجام میگرفت، اعراب اهواز در مجلس یادبود مهدی حیدری شرکت کرده بودند. آقای حیدری،
بنا به گزارشها، یکی از فعالان سیاسی بوده است، هنگامی که تلاش میکرد از دست مأمورین بگریزد، هدف گلوله قرار گرفت و از پای درآمد.
به گزارش وزارت امور خارجه آمریکا، اقلیت اعراب اهواز تحت آزار و تبعیض مقامات ایران هستند. گروههای عرب مقیم اهواز و سازمانها حقوق بشر مدعی هستند که فعالان سیاسی این گروه تحت شکنجه قرار گرفته اند، وبا آنها بدرفتاری شده است، که از آن جمله است
بازداشت همسران و فرزندان جوان آنها.
فاخته زمانی میگوید، وکلای مدافع ، از جمله صالح کامرانی، یکی از مدافعان حقوق بشر آذری- ایرانی ، که تلاش میکرده اند به فعالان اهوازی کمک کنند، نیز با خطر بازداشت روبرو شده اند. وی می افزايد: "معمولاًعرب تبارهای اهواز به وکیل دسترسی ندارند و هنگامی که یک وکیل مدافع به نمایندگی آنها با مقامات دولتی ایران تماس میگیرد، با تهدید و زندان روبرو میشوند. به عنوان نمونه؛ صالح کامرانی که قصد داشت وکالت چند نویسنده و روشنفکر اهوازی را برعهده بگیرد زندانی شد و درباره موکلانش از او بازجویی بعمل آمد."
پرزیدنت بوش، در اعلامیه ای که به مناسبت روز حقوق بشر صادر شد گفته است: "ایالات متحده آمریکا در کنار کسانی ایستاده است که برای استقرار نظام مردمسالاری و تأمین آزادی تلاش میکنند." پرزیدنت بوش اضافه می کند: روزی خواهد رسید که شهروندان سرزمینها دیگری مثل کره شمالی، ایران، زیمباوه و سودان، فارغ از محدودیتهای موجود، به انجام وظایف دینی خود خواهند پرداخت، عقاید خود را آزادنه بیان خواهند کرد و از نعمتهایی که آزادی برای آنها به ارمغان میآورد بهره خواهند برد.
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